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MAJOR RESEARCH STUDIES

GUSTO: Growing Up Towards Healthy Outcomes

The GUSTO study is a major collaborative research effort involving partners across Singapore from healthcare and research alike. This includes the National University of Singapore, KK Women’s and Children’s Hospital (KKH), National University Hospital, and SICS. The purpose of the GUSTO study is to understand how conditions in pregnancy and early childhood influence the subsequent health and development of women and children.

Over the course of 2009 and 2010, over 1,200 Singaporean women were enrolled in GUSTO, from a point in early pregnancy. Their infants were followed very closely as they grew, with over 10 observation visits in just the first 18 months of life alone. As the GUSTO children journey through life, we are there every step of the way. The detailed observations and sampling on these mothers and children have been instrumental in discovering features more representative of the local and Asian population that can be used to improve the health and potential of our communities, with an earlier start.

Find out more at http://www.gusto.sg/.

S-PRESTO: Singapore Preconception Study of Long-Term Outcomes

A collaborative effort by KKH, NUS, NUHS and SICS, the S-PRESTO study was launched in 2017 to investigate the effects of nutrition, lifestyle, mental health and other environmental factors before and during pregnancy on the eventual health and socio-emotional outcomes of the mother and baby.

Recruited before conception, 1,000 women between the ages of 18 to 35 years old who were planning to conceive were recruited prior to pregnancy and followed up through their pregnancy, until their child was two years of age. Through assessments such as imaging of the womb and ovaries, blood tests to determine ovarian health, as well as measurements of their body mass index and blood pressure, we’ve been able to establish the important mechanisms linking maternal and perinatal health and nutrition to child development while also using the data to assess fertility rates in Singaporean couples intending to conceive.

The long-term goal is to develop effective approaches to prevent metabolic diseases and neurodevelopment disorders – ultimately enhancing health outcomes for every birth.

Find out more at http://www.s-presto.sg/.

NiPPeR: Nutritional Intervention Preconception and During Pregnancy to Maintain Health GlucosE Metabolism and OffspRing Health

This randomised, controlled double-blind, multi-centre trial is academically led by the EpiGen Research consortium – comprising SICS, NUS, the University of Southampton, and the Liggins Institute at the University of Auckland – in collaboration with researchers at the Nestlé Research Center.

The preconceptual period is recognised as a time when the mother’s condition can profoundly affect subsequent development of her child. Improved nutrition before and during pregnancy has benefits for the health of the mother and her offspring, including healthy offspring body composition, decreased risks of childhood obesity, allergies and healthy neuropsychological development.

The NiPPeR study recruited 1,800 women before they conceived, across three centres in Southampton, Singapore and Auckland, and participants were divided into an intervention group and control group. Participants in the intervention group received nutritional drinks enriched with micronutrients, myo-inositol and a probiotic, while the control group received drinks enriched with standard micronutrients. This study examines the hypothesis that a nutritional drink, commencing before conception and through pregnancy, will assist in the maintenance of healthy glucose metabolism in the mother and promote offspring health.

Find out more at https://www.nipperstudy.com/.

HEALTHSPAN

SICS, in collaboration with NUS Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, has set up a Biology of Human Ageing Programme (Healthspan) to study human ageing in Singapore. The overall objective of the programme is to identify meaningful ways of improving health span in Singapore, through conducting observational studies and intervention studies involving lifestyle, nutritional and pharmaceutical interventions.

Restoring biological functions and preventing/reducing loss of autonomy and susceptibility to diseases are part of tackling the silver tsunami. Therefore, the programme will focus on age-associated deficits in physical frailty (e.g. sarcopenia, osteoporosis), cognitive frailty (e.g. cognitive decline, dementia), psychological frailty (e.g. depression), physiological frailty (e.g. immune, endocrine, cardiometabolic function), and even social/societal frailty (e.g. isolation). To identify meaningful ways to improve health span in Singapore, rigorous studies of lifestyle, nutritional and pharmaceutical interventions will run parallel to cohort studies.

Through the recruitment, phenotyping and biosampling of elderly cohorts, the SG90 Longevity Cohort Study launched in 2015 was an early effort under Healthspan to look at biological signatures of healthy ageing. At a later stage, there are plans to recruit the offspring of SG90 and age-match controls to study inherited factors, discover novel factors and validate biological patterns.