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    • SI Units Realisation
    • National Measurement System
      • International Participation
  • Research & Development
    • Collaborations
      • Natural gas transmission pipeline leakage detection (Collaborators – SP Powergrid & NUS)
      • Real-time Monitoring and Characterization of Particle Count and Indoor Environmental Quality with Integrated Low-cost Sensors (Collaborator – BCA)
      • Traceable Characterisation of Internal Surface Roughness
      • Dimensional Measurement of Internal Features of Additive Manufacturing Parts
    • Laboratories
      • Acoustics and Vibration
      • Chemical
      • Mass & Force
      • Pressure & Flow
      • Temperature and Humidity
      • Electrical
      • Length and Dimensional
      • Optical Radiation
      • Time & Frequency
      • RF & Microwave
  • Service & Consultancy
    • Calibration & Measurement
    • Measurement Skills Training Courses
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    • Technical Assessments
  • World Metrology Day 2026
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    Quantum based Electrical Primary Standards established

    31 Dec 1996
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    Chua Sze Wey at JJ array
    In Photo: Dr Chua Sze Wey working on Josephson array voltage standard

    NMC participated in the United Nations Development Programme/United Nations Industrial Development Organization’s (UNDP/UNIDO) project “Harmonization of Voltage Metrology in ASEAN Member Countries” from 1992 to 1996. The project was part of the UNDP/UNIDO’s initiation to realise the importance of harmonised measurement for the benefit of free trade and for the industrial development of the ASEAN countries. NMC worked with UNDP/UNIDO experts to set up a Josephson Voltage Standard in Singapore as an “ASEAN Volt” to provide the traceability of dc voltage standards as well as organising workshops for the ASEAN members and provided the transfer of dc voltage standards to the participating economies.

    Josephson Junction was amongst the first among a series of numerous primary standards to be established in NMC. The other primary standards established include quantized Hall resistance standard, planner AC-DC transfer standards, primary power standard, primary magnetic standard.

    Quantum based Electrical Primary Standards established at NMC
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